All the 5G parameters in the sector initially have a default configuration when selecting the type of service (technology) of the study, with adequate or typical values ​​of the type of simulation to be carried out. It is recommended, however, to be reviewed and specified by the user to adapt their simulation to the reality of the equipment to be simulated.

•Scheduler: The algorithm implemented by the scheduler is responsible for distributing the 5G channel resources (frequency and time) dynamically among the different users of the system. Its operation is similar to that explained for the LTE scheduler.

•Slot configuration: Indicates how each of the symbols of a slot are used, defining which symbols are used for uplink and which for downlink within a specific slot.

In TDD services, 3GPP establishes 62 predefined symbol combinations in a slot, as can be seen in the following table.

Source: https://www.sharetechnote.com/html/5G/5G_FrameStructure.html

•Stand Alone: Sets whether the 5G sector can provide service independently or needs the support of a 4G station.

•Aggregation threshold: The SINR threshold required for carrier aggregation to occur.

•Numerology: Allows you to define the spacing between the subcarriers and the length of the symbol. In LTE, only one type of subcarrier spacing is allowed (15kHz), while in NR several types of subcarrier spacing is allowed: 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, 120kHz and 240kHz.

The following table shows the possible numerology configurations with the respective subcarrier spacings.

PRACH CONFIGURATION

The PRACH is the physical random access channel that mobile terminals use to ask base stations for resource allocation on the uplink communication.

•Preamble cathegory: Preambles can be of two types, long or short.

•Number of PRACH preambles: Number of possible sequences to be configured in the sector.

•Zero correlation zone: Indicates the maximum expected symbol delay in the cell, that is, the length that is applied in the cyclic shifts to avoid ambiguities.

•Number of RS needed: The number of RSs needed to get all the necessary preambles.

ICIC CONFIGURATION

The main objective of the inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC), is to avoid high interference due to users located at the edges of adjacent cells. It can be static or dynamic.

Static ICIC

The resources used by each cell are preset. Xirio provides different frequency reuse schemes based on the location of users on the center or on the edge of the cell.

•Static ICIC type: The user can simulate the following frequency reuse schemes [1]:

   - Frequency Reuse of 1, FR1

   - Frequency Reuse of 3, FR3

   - Partial Frequency Reuse, PFR

   - Soft Frequency Reuse, SFR

•Static ICIC label: The static ICIC label defines the resource group that a base station dedicates to users in the cell border, therefore, two stations who share the same static ICIC label, spend the same resources to their users. This parameter is configurable only for the FR3, PFR and SFR schemes.

When sector stations are being simulated, each sector should use a different ICIC static label.

•Cell edge power (%): This parameter sets the amount of power dedicated to resources for users at the cell edge. It is configurable only for PFR and SFR schemes.

•Cell edge threshold: It determines whether a user is in the center or the edge of the cell. It is considered that the user is in the center of the cell when the margin of the desired signal with respect to the interferent is bigger than this value. Otherwise it is considered that the user is on the edge. It is configurable only for PFR and SFR schemes.

•Cell edge number of PRBs: The number of PRBs (Physical Radio Blocks) reserved for the cell edge. This parameter is only configurable for PFR schemes. The frequency reuse schemes in Xirio-Online only use 3 sectors so this parameter must be a multiple of three.

The following table shows the total usable number of PRBs for different bandwidths:

Dynamic ICIC

The resources used by each cell are evaluated dynamically to improve inter-cell interference.

•Dynamic ICIC efficiency (%): It is posible to manage the resources in a totally dynamic way instead of a static way. This is an improvement of the intercellular interference present in the communications. Dynamic ICIC efficiency defines this interference reduction, taking values ​​from 0% (the whole signal is considered interfering) up to 100% (no interference).

DOWNLINK PARAMETERS

•Traffic load: Defines what percentage of resources are being used of the total resources available in a sector. It is used to calculate the SINR interference in Xirio. The more resources used in a sector, the greater the interference generated.

•Symbols for PDCCH: Indicates the number of symbols dedicated to the control channel per subframe.

•PDCCH occupancy: This parameter configures the proportion of time-frequency resources in which the PDCCH channel is present.

•MIMO DL: Allows you to enable or disable the use of MIMO on the downlink channel. The MIMO options available in Xirio are 2x2, 4x2, 4x4, 8x8, 8x2, and 8x4. The use of this type of technique allows obtaining very high data rates through the use of multiple channels in parallel.

•MIMO DL gain: This parameter quantifies the gain obtained in the case of using MIMO techniques in the downlink direction.

UPLINK PARAMETERS

•Noise rise: Noise rise quantifies the interference received at the base station in the uplink direction.

•Noise factor: Industry noise factor.

•Alpha (power control): it is the compensation factor for losses in the path used by the mobile terminal as a power control mechanism.

•P0 (power control): is the desired power in the base station that is obtained from the target SINR defined by the user.

•MIMO UL: Allows you to enable or disable the use of MIMO on the downstream channel. The options available in Xirio for MIMO are 1x8, 2x8, 4x8 and 8x8.

•UL MIMO gain: This parameter quantifies the gain obtained in the case of using MIMO techniques in the upstream direction.